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Message de nmartinod posté le 24-04-2015 à 09:36:02 (S | E | F)
Bonjour à tous !
pour tout vous dire je passe mon oral dans 3 jours et j'aimerais bien avoir des avis ainsi que des corrections à propos de ce bout de synthèse car je ne suis pas totalement sûr de moi sur certains points. C'est donc pour cela que je viens m’adresser à toute personne pouvant me corriger quelques petites erreurs de mon sujet !
Dites moi si certains passages ne sont pas clairs et méritent d'être refaits ou pas. Et aussi, au niveau de l'introduction, est-ce que ma présentation de plan convient ?
Merci d'avance à tous !
The progress indicates for man the action to move forward, to evolve towards a better situation. It concerns mainly the sciences; it is moreover the leitmotiv of this domain. For the public opinion, the progress is the fact of knowing today what we did not know yesterday. However we can wonder if this moved forward that constitute the progress is always beneficial? This begs the question: Is progress always a progress? To answer it we shall raise first of all the subject of pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis. Then we shall handle the case of the surrogate mothers and finally we shall see if the progress is always beneficial and what about it on the ethical point.
First of all, the Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis is a technic that was created in order to avoid severe genetic disseises. But it is now use in a cosmetic way. Indeed PGD is used by parents who not only want to make sure their baby will not suffer from serious diseases but also to select gender and physical characteristics. Indeed, according to the LA fertility Institute parents will be able to choose sex with 100% accuracy and hair colour and eyes colour with 80% accuracy in the next years. But this used of PGD raises many problems even if it represents a revolutionary scientific breakthrough thanks to his capacity to eliminate certain diseases. Indeed the technic could decrease the genetic diversity, which is very important for the development of the human race. The doctor Caplan is against the use of PGD in a cosmetic way because as he see it, it would be an advantage only for rich people and could become a business for doctors. Moreover who is to say that a trait is better than another one? But not every doctor are against PGD, Dc Jeffrey, for example, is a pioneer in in-vitro fertilization and wants to provide everything science gives him, and thus also PGD. Because for him it is important to accept progress and not to bury our head in the sand.
Secondly a surrogacy arrangement is the carrying of a pregnancy for intended parents. There are two main types of surrogacy, gestational surrogacy and traditional surrogacy. In gestational surrogacy, the pregnancy results from the transfer of an embryo created by in vitro fertilization, in a manner so the resulting child is genetically unrelated to the surrogate. In traditional surrogacy, the surrogate is impregnated naturally or artificially, but the resulting child is genetically related to the surrogate. To illustrate this technique of surrogacy let’s take the case of Sarita, a young Indian married by strength to their neighbour’s son. The couple needed money and could not get a loan, Sarita thus decided to become a surrogate to earn money. The only problem was to find an excuse to explain this to her village because occasionally, due to India’s conventional attitudes towards sex, the surrogates become ostracized. After having meet the couple who asked for they began the process with frozen sperm and in exchange received a sum of money as well as the payment of her pregnancy expenses. But this kind of action as well as the motivation of the parents-to-be and of the surrogate raised numerous debates. Indeed, many people consider that it could help numerous couples which cannot give birth otherwise and that it is not the problem that some parents have no biological links with their child.
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Modifié par lucile83 le 24-04-2015 12:45
Message de nmartinod posté le 24-04-2015 à 09:36:02 (S | E | F)
Bonjour à tous !
pour tout vous dire je passe mon oral dans 3 jours et j'aimerais bien avoir des avis ainsi que des corrections à propos de ce bout de synthèse car je ne suis pas totalement sûr de moi sur certains points. C'est donc pour cela que je viens m’adresser à toute personne pouvant me corriger quelques petites erreurs de mon sujet !
Dites moi si certains passages ne sont pas clairs et méritent d'être refaits ou pas. Et aussi, au niveau de l'introduction, est-ce que ma présentation de plan convient ?
Merci d'avance à tous !
The progress indicates for man the action to move forward, to evolve towards a better situation. It concerns mainly the sciences; it is moreover the leitmotiv of this domain. For the public opinion, the progress is the fact of knowing today what we did not know yesterday. However we can wonder if this moved forward that constitute the progress is always beneficial? This begs the question: Is progress always a progress? To answer it we shall raise first of all the subject of pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis. Then we shall handle the case of the surrogate mothers and finally we shall see if the progress is always beneficial and what about it on the ethical point.
First of all, the Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis is a technic that was created in order to avoid severe genetic disseises. But it is now use in a cosmetic way. Indeed PGD is used by parents who not only want to make sure their baby will not suffer from serious diseases but also to select gender and physical characteristics. Indeed, according to the LA fertility Institute parents will be able to choose sex with 100% accuracy and hair colour and eyes colour with 80% accuracy in the next years. But this used of PGD raises many problems even if it represents a revolutionary scientific breakthrough thanks to his capacity to eliminate certain diseases. Indeed the technic could decrease the genetic diversity, which is very important for the development of the human race. The doctor Caplan is against the use of PGD in a cosmetic way because as he see it, it would be an advantage only for rich people and could become a business for doctors. Moreover who is to say that a trait is better than another one? But not every doctor are against PGD, Dc Jeffrey, for example, is a pioneer in in-vitro fertilization and wants to provide everything science gives him, and thus also PGD. Because for him it is important to accept progress and not to bury our head in the sand.
Secondly a surrogacy arrangement is the carrying of a pregnancy for intended parents. There are two main types of surrogacy, gestational surrogacy and traditional surrogacy. In gestational surrogacy, the pregnancy results from the transfer of an embryo created by in vitro fertilization, in a manner so the resulting child is genetically unrelated to the surrogate. In traditional surrogacy, the surrogate is impregnated naturally or artificially, but the resulting child is genetically related to the surrogate. To illustrate this technique of surrogacy let’s take the case of Sarita, a young Indian married by strength to their neighbour’s son. The couple needed money and could not get a loan, Sarita thus decided to become a surrogate to earn money. The only problem was to find an excuse to explain this to her village because occasionally, due to India’s conventional attitudes towards sex, the surrogates become ostracized. After having meet the couple who asked for they began the process with frozen sperm and in exchange received a sum of money as well as the payment of her pregnancy expenses. But this kind of action as well as the motivation of the parents-to-be and of the surrogate raised numerous debates. Indeed, many people consider that it could help numerous couples which cannot give birth otherwise and that it is not the problem that some parents have no biological links with their child.
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Modifié par lucile83 le 24-04-2015 12:45
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