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No, None, Not a, Not any - cours

No and None:

We use no + noun.

-She had no shoes on.

-No information was given about how the study was conducted.

-There will be no busses until tomorrow.

None is used without any noun after it.

-Have we got any more sugar? There's none in the kitchen.

-How many cats have you got? "None".

No or none (of) is used instead of not a or not any to emphasize the negative idea in a sentence.

No or none of is used but not any can't be used in initial position in a clause or sentence.

-No force was needed to make them move. (not any force was needed).

-None of the children was awake. (not any of the children ...).

Note : No and none of are often preferred instead of not any in formal written English.

Not a:

Not a is used in a formal or literary style. Not a is also used in initial position in a clause or sentence.

-Not a word would she utter about the robbery.

-Not a sound came from the classroom.

No:

After no, a singular noun is used in situations where we would expect one of something, a plural noun where we would expect more than one.

Note: Sometimes either a singular or plural with little difference in meaning can be used.

-No answer (or answers) could be found.

-We want to go to the island but there's no boat (or no boats) to take us.

None of:

None of can be used with a plural noun and the verb can be either singular or plural, although the singular form is usually more formal.

-None of the children were awake. (or ...was awake).

-None of the parcels have arrived yet. (or ... has arrived yet).

Note: However, when none is used with an uncountable noun, the verb must be singular.

-None of the water was kept in the jar.

-None of the money has been transferred to Cuba.

No amount of:

If we want to give emphasis to no or none of we can use phrases like no amount of with uncountable nouns and not one (of) with singular countable nouns.

-She was so seriously ill that no amount of expensive treatment could cure her.

-It was clear that no amount of negotiation would bring the employers and workers closer together.

-Not one member of the History department attended the meeting.

-Not one of the hundreds of families affected by the noise wants to move.

I hope I have been of some assistance to you.

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