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Comprendre un texte scientifique simple : a volcanic eruption

A volcanic eruption

Volcanic ash is rock that has been pulverized into dust or sand by volcanic activity. In very large eruptions, ash is accompanied by rocks having the weight and density of hailstones. Volcanic ash is hot near the volcano, but it is cool when it falls at greater distances. Ashfall blocks sunlight, reducing visibility and sometimes causing darkness. Ashfall can be accompanied by lightning. Fresh volcanic ash is gritty, abrasive, sometimes corrosive, and always unpleasant. Although ash is not highly toxic, it can trouble infants, the elderly and those with respiratory ailments. Small ash particles can abrade the front of the eye under windy and ashy conditions. Ash abrades and jams machinery. It contaminates and clogs ventilation, water supplies and drains.

Ash also causes electrical short circuits, in transmission lines (especially when wet), in computers, and in microelectronic devices. Power often goes out during and after ashfall. Long-term exposure to wet ash can corrode metal. Ash accumulates like heavy snowfall, but does not melt. The weight of ash can cause roofs to collapse. A one-inch layer of ash weighs 5-10 pounds per square foot when dry, but 10-15 pounds per square foot when wet. Wet ash is slippery. Ash resuspended by wind, and human activity can disrupt lives for months after an eruption.

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1. Find in the text the word which gives an idea of the size of the rocks: Fortunately, not highly toxicIn the end, wet ash can corrode metalIt immediately blocks sunlightNo, it doesn'tOf course, it can jam the circuitsThe supplies and the drains can be contaminated tooWell, power often goes outYes, ash troubles the elderly as well as babiesYes, because it abrades the corneaYes, for months.You are right. It can clog ventilationhailstones Je ne sais pas

2. Give the immediate consequence of an ashfall: Fortunately, not highly toxicIn the end, wet ash can corrode metalIt immediately blocks sunlightNo, it doesn'tOf course, it can jam the circuitsThe supplies and the drains can be contaminated tooWell, power often goes outYes, ash troubles the elderly as well as babiesYes, because it abrades the corneaYes, for months.You are right. It can clog ventilationhailstones Je ne sais pas.

3. Is ash toxic? Fortunately, not highly toxicIn the end, wet ash can corrode metalIt immediately blocks sunlightNo, it doesn'tOf course, it can jam the circuitsThe supplies and the drains can be contaminated tooWell, power often goes outYes, ash troubles the elderly as well as babiesYes, because it abrades the corneaYes, for months.You are right. It can clog ventilationhailstones Je ne sais pas.

4. Can it have bad effect on old people, though? Fortunately, not highly toxicIn the end, wet ash can corrode metalIt immediately blocks sunlightNo, it doesn'tOf course, it can jam the circuitsThe supplies and the drains can be contaminated tooWell, power often goes outYes, ash troubles the elderly as well as babiesYes, because it abrades the corneaYes, for months.You are right. It can clog ventilationhailstones Je ne sais pas.

5. Ash is bad for the eyes, isn't it? Fortunately, not highly toxicIn the end, wet ash can corrode metalIt immediately blocks sunlightNo, it doesn'tOf course, it can jam the circuitsThe supplies and the drains can be contaminated tooWell, power often goes outYes, ash troubles the elderly as well as babiesYes, because it abrades the corneaYes, for months.You are right. It can clog ventilationhailstones Je ne sais pas.

6. Ash causes problems to machines, doesn't it? Fortunately, not highly toxicIn the end, wet ash can corrode metalIt immediately blocks sunlightNo, it doesn'tOf course, it can jam the circuitsThe supplies and the drains can be contaminated tooWell, power often goes outYes, ash troubles the elderly as well as babiesYes, because it abrades the corneaYes, for months.You are right. It can clog ventilationhailstones Je ne sais pas.

7. Ash is bad for the air we breathe, I suppose. Fortunately, not highly toxicIn the end, wet ash can corrode metalIt immediately blocks sunlightNo, it doesn'tOf course, it can jam the circuitsThe supplies and the drains can be contaminated tooWell, power often goes outYes, ash troubles the elderly as well as babiesYes, because it abrades the corneaYes, for months.You are right. It can clog ventilationhailstones Je ne sais pas.

8. What about the water? Fortunately, not highly toxicIn the end, wet ash can corrode metalIt immediately blocks sunlightNo, it doesn'tOf course, it can jam the circuitsThe supplies and the drains can be contaminated tooWell, power often goes outYes, ash troubles the elderly as well as babiesYes, because it abrades the corneaYes, for months.You are right. It can clog ventilationhailstones Je ne sais pas.

9. What about the electricity? Fortunately, not highly toxicIn the end, wet ash can corrode metalIt immediately blocks sunlightNo, it doesn'tOf course, it can jam the circuitsThe supplies and the drains can be contaminated tooWell, power often goes outYes, ash troubles the elderly as well as babiesYes, because it abrades the corneaYes, for months.You are right. It can clog ventilationhailstones Je ne sais pas.

10. Does wet ash cause problems too? Fortunately, not highly toxicIn the end, wet ash can corrode metalIt immediately blocks sunlightNo, it doesn'tOf course, it can jam the circuitsThe supplies and the drains can be contaminated tooWell, power often goes outYes, ash troubles the elderly as well as babiesYes, because it abrades the corneaYes, for months.You are right. It can clog ventilationhailstones Je ne sais pas.

11. Ash doesn't melt, does it? Fortunately, not highly toxicIn the end, wet ash can corrode metalIt immediately blocks sunlightNo, it doesn'tOf course, it can jam the circuitsThe supplies and the drains can be contaminated tooWell, power often goes outYes, ash troubles the elderly as well as babiesYes, because it abrades the corneaYes, for months.You are right. It can clog ventilationhailstones Je ne sais pas.

12. Are people affected by a volcanic eruption for a long time? Fortunately, not highly toxicIn the end, wet ash can corrode metalIt immediately blocks sunlightNo, it doesn'tOf course, it can jam the circuitsThe supplies and the drains can be contaminated tooWell, power often goes outYes, ash troubles the elderly as well as babiesYes, because it abrades the corneaYes, for months.You are right. It can clog ventilationhailstones Je ne sais pas.