Apprendre l'anglais > Cours & exercices d'anglais > Exercices d'anglais > test d'anglais n°5593 : Prefixes (1) - cours

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Prefixes (1) - cours

Prefixes

We use prefixes to change meaning. They never change the part of speech. (Most suffixes change the part of speech.)

• Many prefixes give a word a meaning which is the opposite or negative of the original. For example, we can use the prefixes dis or un:

dis + appear - disappear

un + tie - untie

prefix	meaning / use	example
anti + adjective/noun	opposite	anti- clockwise/ anti-climax
anti + noun / adjective	against	anti-theft device / anti-European
co + noun / verb	together	cohabit
dis + verb	negative/opposite	dislike / disembark
il + adjective	opposite	illegal
im + adjective	opposite	impossible
in+adjective	opposite	indirect
inter + adjective	between	intercontinental
ir + adjective	opposite	irregular
mis + verb	wrongly/ badly	mistook / mishandle
over + verb	too much	overwork
out + verb	more	outnumber
post + noun / verb	after	postgraduate
pre + noun / verb	before	pre- arrangement
pro + noun / adjective	in favour of	pro-Unions / pro-European
sub + adjective	below	substandard
super + noun/ adjective	greater than	superhuman
trans + noun / verb /	across	transplant /transcontinental
un + verb / adjective	negative / opposite	unlock / unhappy
under + verb	not enough/too little	undercook / undercharge

There are a few rules:

• We use il instead of in with words that begin with l:

il + legal = illegal

• We use im instead of in with words that begin with m or p:

im + polite - impolite

• We often use ir instead of in with words that begin with r:

ir + responsible = irresponsible.

• Some common mistakes are:

X ~~You must unconnect the cables first.~~

You must disconnect the cables first.

~~X They expelled him for disbehaving.~~

/ They expelled him for misbehaving.

• Note that many words with a prefix have a base part that never exists on its own. Here are examples: immediate, incontrovertible, uncalled-for

Add a correct prefix to the following words.

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1. polite.

2. driver.

3. approve.

4. behave.

5. logical.

6. zip.

7. inform.

8. agree.

9. eat.

10. historic.

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